Green is in! If you’re interested in preserving our natural resources for future generations, you can get the credentials you’ll need to make a difference through a major in environmental science or environmental studies. Environmental science programs focus on the natural sciences, while environmental studies also considers the political, economic and social aspects of life as they relate to environmental issues. The major you select will be determined by the path you hope to take in making a difference.
Environmental scientists conduct research to identify and remedy the sources of pollutants that affect people, wildlife and the environment. Therefore, they need a working knowledge of biology, chemistry and physics. Studies in atmospheric science, geology, hydrology and ecology are supplemented by courses that emphasize the student’s primary area of concern. Laboratory research, field experiences and summer research internships all help to provide the hands-on experiences that are vital for practitioners in this field. Computer skills are essential—environmental scientists are often called on for data analysis or are expected to be able to use digital mapping and geographic information systems (GIS). Because much of the work is collaborative in nature, environmental scientists should perfect their writing and speaking skills.
Environmental science majors often find jobs in areas such as environmental protection, natural resource management or environmental health. The many areas of specialization include air quality management, aquaculture, biodiversity, coastal management, conservation biology, eco-tourism, environmental education, fire ecology and hazardous waste management. Still other specializations are hydrology, landscape architecture, meteorology, natural resource management, outdoor education, range management, recreation & parks, soil science, sustainable development, wetlands science and wildlife science. Many individuals find work in large and small environmental consulting firms, or in governmental agencies or education. A master’s degree is needed for most entry-level research and teaching positions; a Ph.D. for higher level research and college instructors. Learn more about careers in environmental science at www.enviroeducation.com and check out opportunities for paid internships at the website of the Environmental Careers Organization at www.eco.org.
Environmental studies majors are more focused on the impact of man on the environment. In addition to courses in the natural sciences such as biology, chemistry and geology, environmental studies majors take about half their coursework in the social sciences and humanities. Environmental studies emphasizes a problem-solving approach, focusing on the economic, political and social aspects of tackling environmental issues. Environmental studies professionals may study global issues such as the greenhouse effect or acid rain, as well as more local and national problems.
In addition to science courses, environmental studies programs may include courses in environmental health, energy policy, wildlife management, land use planning, environmental politics and environmental philosophy and ethics. The focus of these programs differs from university to university, so look closely at the college’s catalogue of courses when choosing a college for this major.
As with environmental science majors, research experiences, field work and internships greatly enhance student learning. Although entry level careers are available for people holding a bachelor’s degree, further graduate training and specialization broadens career options.
Environmental studies majors may find careers in environmental law, fisheries and wildlife management, or in community recycling and conservation programs. Others work as park naturalists, environmental educators, journalists, or as team members in toxic waste disposal or environmental organizations.
Careers for Environmental Science/ Environmental Studies Majors
- agricultural agent
- animal scientist
- aquarium or science museum director of education
- biochemist
- ecologist
- environmental activist
- environmental attorney
- environmental consultant
- environmental planner
- environmental researcher
- environmental scientist
- forest ranger
- government regulator
- natural resource specialist
- outdoor adventure educator
- pollution engineer
- range manager
- soil scientist
- state park resource ecologist
- toxicologist
- waste management technician
- wildlife biologist
Other related majors include global studies, forestry, urban planning, political science, geography, geology, environmental engineering, oceanography, soil science, or petroleum engineering. More information is available at the Bureau of Labor Statistics website at www.bls.gov. (photo from bls.gov site)
